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Heat pumps can't take the cold? Nordics debunk the myth
(techxplore.com)
This is a most excellent place for technology news and articles.
No, I believe it's the heating that does it. In petrol cars the heating is a side effect of the engine running. Using it to heat the car in a way improves the fuel efficiency. In an EV the heat doesn't come from the engine, so the battery needs to feed both the engine and the heater.
You can have the engine on and not driving and your petrol will last quite long, not so much with an EV, unfortunately.
Normally, yes, but in this case it's being used purely for heat, with probably 10% efficiency, where the EV is operating at 300% efficiency so no, definitely not.
As I mentioned elsewhere, it will last several days.