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Android isn't Linux, Android is a Java implementation using a Linux kernel (IIRC) - the Linux part isn't even "complete" - when you root you find there are tools you need to add to get typical Linux capability (busybox, init-d, etc). .
So you're not going to install an Android APK on Linux or anything else, unless it emulates Android.
The language used doesn't mean much - lots of stuff for Windows was written using C languages, and those would never run on Linux or Unix.
C is kind of a bad example though, as Java should mostly be platform independent. I’d think you should be able to unpack the package and run the Java code, though you’re probably missing some entry point / handles to resources, which could be provided by some kind of container, like an emulator. But then that’s not really “native”.
Last time I checked, Waydroid was one of the more common ways to launch Android apps on Linux. I mean you can't just package the bare app file, since you need all the runtime and graphical environment of Android. Plus an app could include machine code for a different architecture than a desktop computer. So either you use some layer like Waydroid, or bundle this together with some app in a Linux package...
Android includes lots of things more than just a Linux kernel. An app could request access to your GPS, or to your contacts or calendar or storage. And that's not part of Linux. In fact not even asking to run something in the background or opening a window is something that translates to Linux. An Android app can do none of that unless the framework to deal with it is in place. That's why we need emulation or translation layers.
You can't directly convert the app to make it natively android; android is too different for that. The app is built to use the whole android OS, not just the kernel (which is forked from linux). That means the android app is designed to run on mobile processors (usually ARM), and will be making calls to the android OS for everything.
You can't repackage it directly as a linux app. However there are emulators and translation layers that cannbebused to run android apps within linux.
Waydroid for example allows android apps to run using android containers in linux. Anbox is also a container approach to running android apps. Both these approaches essentially translate for the android apps, and reduce the overhead asnthey dont have to emulate everything and can directly pass instruction to the linux host system. You can also use full virtualization to emulate an android device and run a whole virtual device. This would have a bit more overhead though.
I'm not aware of tools that can be used to compile android apps from source in to linux apps. It could be done in theory but would be complex due to the degree of translation of android APIs needed. Again compiling into some kind of container approach (I. E. Compile to include anbox or waydroid) might be doable but would bloat the app. I dont think there is the demand for that kink of approach when building in containers into Linux (and Windows) allows direct reuse of the android apks.
I don't think you can do this. When we say that android is basically Linux, that's about the kernel. But there is much more to the android than the kernel. Maybe use an emulator
I think this depends on too many factors to give general advice. Android is very different from other Linux distros because they share almost none of the supporting libraries and software. Even the Linux Kernel they share is heavily modified.
The are many apps that are made for both Linux and Android but I think they have to be built with portability in mind for that to work. Godot for instance can make Linux, Windows, Mac OS and Android packages.
On the other side there are Sober for Roblox and the Minecraft Bedrock Launcher that use the respective Android packages and make them run on Linux. But they are specialised for Roblox and Minecraft and don't work on all Android packages.
Roblox doesn't have native linux support? Is understandable for Minecraft bedrock as Microsoft are [censored] but the lackthereof on roblox is interesting
They go out of their way to block Linux. There was "Vinegar" bootstrapper, then "Grapejuice", leading to the current closed-source "Sober" client that streamlines running Roblox for ARM Android on x86_64 Linux PC.
Yeah, and they specifically block Wine from running Roblox.