My Piefed testing instance only has two users so it's hard to make a comparison with my Lemmy instance which has 180 monthly active users.
This is what my Lemmy instance looks like (180 monthly active users):
And my PieFed instance (2 users):
Again, not a fair comparison at all but I think they're both pretty efficient with CPU/RAM. Postgres will eat as much RAM as you give it. I noticed that Lemmy will spike CPU every hour. On the other hand, PieFed spikes every time you reload the page but I don't have any caching for PieFed enabled yet.
Anyway, I think another big concern in terms of resource usage is how big the DB grows. Technically, it grows infinitely. PieFed has this really nice feature that deletes old stuff over time per community (or that's how I understand it at least) which is pretty nice: