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What is the fundamental limit on game streaming?
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Where are you getting 50ms? The speed of light is a LOT faster than 50ms?
No, it seems to be in the right order of magnitude
https://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=circumference+of+earth+%2F+speed+of+light
Obviously light doesn't have to travel quite as far, but 50ms is not a bad estimation for a worst case. Also you have to add processing delays at each router, which makes everything far slower.
But this is the limit of cloud gaming. Cloud gaming in no design goes all the way around the earth, or half way around the earth. Stadia used regional data centers, as does GeforceNOW, as does Shadow.
50ms seems really arbitrary.
I also think 50ms is a bit pessimistic, but there are locations which are far off of googles datacenters (at least until they finish their Johannesburg location, south africa seems very isolated) and you're never directly connected via as-the-bird-flies fibre connections, actual path length will be longer than just drawing a line on a map.
This can all be mitigated by just building more and closer edge servers, of course, but at some point you just have a computer in your room again.
Milliseconds. That's roughly the diameter of the Earth divided by the speed of light.