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submitted 4 months ago* (last edited 4 months ago) by quarrk@hexbear.net to c/marxism@hexbear.net

Saw this comment on the commie side of TikTok. My gut tells me this is ultraleft bs, but perhaps my fellow hexbears can educate me on this discussion which I’m sure is not new.

I don’t see how a poor American on food stamps is responsible, even though a systematic analysis reveals that international superexploitation is a thing.

The American proletariat can and should organize in any case. I don’t see how Americans can build any sort of socialist movement if any organization at all is accused of being hypocritical.

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[-] FunkyStuff@hexbear.net 91 points 4 months ago

Your gut is correct. The international left needs something to offer all workers, it's idealist nonsense to expect that a Western left would ever be able to attract enough people to have leverage and use it to advance the position of the international working class without improving the situation for Western workers. That comment is grossly overgeneralizing the notion that imperialism incentivizes class collaborationism and false consciousness, which is true, but does not imply that anyone is better off by having a leftist movement that has nothing to offer to the people it's trying to attract.

[-] Vampire@hexbear.net 26 points 4 months ago

Good comment

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[-] lil_tank@lemmygrad.ml 43 points 4 months ago* (last edited 4 months ago)

You're part of the problem if you solely focus on improving conditions only in rich countries

[-] kristina@hexbear.net 19 points 4 months ago* (last edited 4 months ago)

focusing on autarky is fundamentally a socialist thing that all socialist movements end up doing when getting power and it fundamentally fucks over capitalists in other countries. this is already a concern that is solved.

of course social democracy stuff is cursed, its why its not socialism. it doesnt focus on autarky whatsoever.

[-] PKMKII@hexbear.net 42 points 4 months ago

Yeah it’s not like the failure of the working class in the West to organize somehow means the exploited third world gets to keep more of its wealth. There are problems with labor aristocracy in the West, but the solution to educate around global working class interests the way the capitalist class does.

I feel like this is less ultra left bs, although there’s some of that, but more creating a rationale for not being active in labor organizing. The West can’t do shit, the noble savages of the hinterlands will save us, so we can sit back and be snarky on the internet.

[-] Diuretic_Materialism@hexbear.net 42 points 4 months ago

I doubt if Medicare-For-All got passed the American Bourgeois would be like "well we were holding back on the imperialism up till now, but since I gotta treat the core plebs a bit better I'm gonna ramp this shit up!"

They're already not holding back.

[-] FunkyStuff@hexbear.net 23 points 4 months ago

If anything, the opposite is true. The left was much stronger than it is now under FDR, and the New Deal didn't really kill any momentum for the left by itself, instead the Red Scares and McCarthyism had to perform that function. However, under neoliberalism, workers in the imperial core have turned more reactionary and often incorrectly prescribe blame on immigrants for their poor employment numbers and stagnating wages. The poor understanding of globalism leads people to believe that their enemy is the sweatshop worker in Indonesia, instead of the shareholder in Wall Street. The left can offer an alternative paradigm for the people that fall into that reactionary trap by showing that development isn't a zero sum game, we can have manufacturing at home without protectionism, xenophobia, and imperialism holding the international working class back.

[-] robot_dog_with_gun@hexbear.net 30 points 4 months ago

where's (the source for) that map saying a globally equal distribution of wealth would slightly raise the average in amerikkka because it's so unequal?

any fast food worker passes way more value of product through their hands than they're paid.

[-] CascadeOfLight@hexbear.net 24 points 4 months ago

Overeating the core: just declining empire things

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[-] Rx_Hawk@hexbear.net 16 points 4 months ago

Damn I wanna see this. That really puts in perspective how lopsided things are.

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[-] Cowbee@hexbear.net 28 points 4 months ago* (last edited 4 months ago)

This is just an argument against organizing, which is wrong inherently.

Edit to add: This isn't to say that class colaboration should be supported, but that as always the struggle for better must be taken with an international, anti-imperialist stance. A pro-imperialism advocacy group should be opposed, sure, but proletarians in the global north are largely debtors and kept paralyzed, not quite revolutionary.

International opposition to Imperialism serves as the primary lever to push the American proletariat into revolutionary potential.

[-] GrouchyGrouse@hexbear.net 24 points 4 months ago

This is the kind of sentiment that should be nested inside nuanced arguments that explain exactly how and why this conclusion was made and shared.

"Part of the problem" is some scold ass language. Asking people to just accept diminished quality of life and labor standards isn't exactly going to win people to the cause. Depending on the person or circumstance or audience I'd engage with this person but the delivery, format, etc tells me this is much more "being right on the internet" than trying to be constructive and start dialog. Self-flagellating labor aristocrats aren't going to topple capitalism no matter how hard they do it. If I was feeling especially petty I'd reply that the shame vector is a byproduct of western colonial christian moralism.

If the end goal of labor activism is just in your country? You aren't helping workers elsewhere. This isn't exactly hard to understand. But it doesn't mean all efforts are inherently counterproductive because of who does it and where.

Again, I'd be willing to discuss this seriously with a person who wants a serious discussion. Not a person with an axe to grind on the internet who wraps inflammatory rhetoric around a nugget of truth. It's lazy and I'm lazy so I'd probably just tune this person out. Better arguments about this exact concept can be read. Better faith actors can be engaged with.

[-] GaveUp@hexbear.net 23 points 4 months ago

Sometimes. It's essentially the same way why trade unions can sometimes be reactionary

E.g. I think UAW supports the tariffs against Chinese EVs. This improves the job security of American car workers but hurts Chinese car workers and companies which in turns reduces the ability of international working class to buy (cheap high quality) Chinese cars

I know a lot of unions nowadays with Boeing, Northrup Gromman, etc refuse to take any anti-war stances/actions because their priority is taking care of their missile builders, not the lives of non-Americans

[-] comrade_pibb@hexbear.net 15 points 4 months ago

Trade unions protect the job, not the workers

[-] kristina@hexbear.net 21 points 4 months ago

what reading no theory does to a mfer

[-] Cowbee@hexbear.net 15 points 4 months ago

Honestly, I think it's more a result of reading some theory and filling out the rest of the gaps with your own assumptions, like just reading the Communist Manifesto or Principles of Communism and thinking that's a complete and thorough understanding of Marxism.

[-] Guamer@hexbear.net 21 points 4 months ago

Truly the best option is to do absolutely nothing

[-] robot_dog_with_gun@hexbear.net 8 points 4 months ago

that fits perfectly with my crippling depression, covid avoidance, and inability to deal with neurotypical people

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[-] BasementParty@hexbear.net 20 points 4 months ago

While people in the Imperial core do benefit from imperialism to the extent that it makes them unrevolutionary, it doesn't mean that making them worse off will make it any better outside the core.

Increasing income inequality in America doesn't make third-world countries any less exploited. It just means more of their labour is going to the American bourgeoisie rather than the American worker. The only argument you can really make is American workers should be worse off because they benefit from exploitation. But that's not a Marxist position, that's a moral position. It's a position that only seeks to punish people.

Regardless of whether American workers unfairly benefit from imperialism, I don't like when children go hungry, I don't like when LGBTQ+ folks are attacked, and I don't like when people die because they can't afford medication. Fighting for these things in America will not stop nor make worse the exploitation of the third-world.

[-] D61@hexbear.net 19 points 4 months ago

My shoes got holes in them, I eat SPAM and ramen regularly as a meal, socks and underwear are worn until they physically cannot be categorized as clothing but I've got a monocle so I'm just the same Jeff Bezos.

[-] woodenghost@hexbear.net 18 points 4 months ago

There are some good critiques of thirdworldism in this thread already, so I won't add to them. But it really bothers me, how few people preface their comments with:"Yes, unequal exchange and superexploitation are real. Yes sometimes the working class in the imperial core benefits from them."

Acknowledge the material reality first, then make your argument. Also using "we" and "here" as a synonym for westerners or US citizens, as if no one else was using this platform is problematic.

I'm not thirdworldist and do think the international working class does have common interests and should stand united, but it is important to realize that sometimes western workers behave like a worker aristocracy.

Don't be like them avoid these errors. For example:

  • When trade unions in the US support strict tariffs on China, because the bosses promise real hard, that then they'll refrain from moving production offshore. Then those unions enter into an alliance with western capital and become complicit in exploitation.

  • When German leftist organizations want to be seen as reasonable, and acceptable by the state to avoid persecution and keep the little institutional support they get, there is one single thing they know they need to do(and most do it): fail to be anti imperialist and instead support NATO and Israel unconditionally or at least conveniently remain "neutral" to put the interests of the workers "at home" first. In doing so they betray the international working class and become complicit in genocide.

  • Wherever people say "Yes, we support [struggle abroad / struggle of racialized minorities], but people wouldn't understand yet if we did something about it. So instead, let's focuse on [struggle of privileged parts of western working class] first.

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[-] SpiderFarmer@hexbear.net 17 points 4 months ago

Yeah, the person commenting needs to either touch grass (if American) or get an "ehhh, kinda sorta" if outside the imperial core. When you help in forming job unions or tenants unions and you got some reputation as a commie, you ultimately help the cause down the line. I'm out there trying to improve the conditions of people in even shittier spots than mine, whether that's someone in a poorer, largely minority ghetto, or someone getting fucking genocided across the pond. You don't win people over being a caricature of what some boomer makes of college students.

[-] LeylaLove@hexbear.net 17 points 4 months ago

I was going to type up a whole bunch of shit, but honestly I'd rather hear from other Hexbears as an ultrabroke burgerlander.

[-] AssortedBiscuits@hexbear.net 14 points 4 months ago

This isn't true (migrant workers, prison labor, people hustling in general) unless they're using a narrow definition of worker. Obviously, migrant workers who earn less than minimum wage and send money back to their families aren't part of how the imperial core loot the Global South through unequal exchange. If anything, it's the opposite. By transferring their inflated wage relative to the Global South back to the Global South, those migrant workers are doing reverse unequal exchange if anything. I don't think I even need to go over prison labor where they more or less earn the same exact amount of USD as their Global South peers except they're also stuck in a cage.

This is just baby's first Third Worldism. Third Worldism has various inadequacies:

  1. It doesn't offer any form of praxis outside of "send money to orgs in the Global South." There's also "move to a Global South country where there is revolutionary potential" echoed by some except absolutely no one, certainly not a worker with actually existing revolutionary potential^TM^ wants to deal with your gringo sexpat ass. So, the only real form of praxis is raise money for Global South orgs.

  2. It doesn't really get into the heart of how the US is the global hegemon. Because in the end, it's the US in particular and not the imperial core in general that is the global hegemon. Germany is absolutely part of the imperial core, but Germany also does as they're fucking told by the US. Among Marxists, there's a transnational vs national debate between people who see the bourgeoisie as having a transnational character that has moved beyond the nation-state and people who still see the bourgeoisie as rooted in their particular nation-state and who will use the nation-state to pursue their bourgeois interest. This was first expressed in Kautsky vs Lenin. Kautsky thought there was a superimperialism (this is different from how Hudson uses the term) where all the national bourgeoisie have more or less coalesced into a single oppressive class while Lenin thought the bourgeoisie still had a national character and will fight over territory that can be approximated as national self-interest. Imperial core vs Global South isn't quite on the level of the bourgeoisie being transnational, but there's a flattening where the US, France, Japan, and so on, despite having competing national interests, gets lumped together as "imperial core."

  3. It flattens and overvalorizes Global South workers. Not all Global South workers are equal. And among Global South workers, it's not as simple as measuring revolutionary potential based on surplus value stolen. If that were the case, Haitian workers would've long since freed the Caribbean of neocolonialism and razed Paris to the ground for all the bullshit they've been through. Congolese workers would've long freed the entirety of Africa from the West. There's the current state of political organization among workers. History is also important. Why is Burkina Faso a hotbed of revolutionary activity while Nigeria is ruled by a shameless Western puppet? This is Global South West African country vs Global South West African country where both countries get fucked by unequal exchange. Why have the Burkinabe rise up to the occasion while Nigerians seemingly have not? You can't answer this question with third worldism.

[-] ComradeRat@hexbear.net 13 points 4 months ago

The vast majority of the work done in the belly of the beast involves the destruction of that beast, not the enlargement of the consumer class making up the beast's stomach. That doesn't mean all the work; there are very oppressed people in the US and there are ways to help them (e.g. seizing empty properties to house homeless people, forcing cities to allow empty spaces to be used by homeless people and/or for community gardening) that don't rely on more exploitation (e.g. "build more houses using cheap materials from the global south and high wage construction labour in the global north").

That said i wanna re-emphasise the degree of international inequality in hellworld.

In Divided World Divided Class Zak Cope maintains that there's no legally (illegally, yes, but if one is paid min wage and working legal hours, no) exploited workers in the global north. He is using the marxist definition of exploitation i.e. "being paid less than the value of the products of your labour", so he isn't arguing it doesn't suck to work a min wage job, but he is arguing that anyone paid the legal minimum wage is paid over and above the value of the products of their labour (if they are even a productive labourer). Cope shows that this inflated wage is largely paid through superprofits and their various redistributions.

Cope shows the degree of the inflated nominal and real wages relative to the South, and he argues that the source of these living standards is redistributed superprofits from imperialism. He lays out his numbers, sources and methodology for his calculations fairly upfront, alongside more detailed statistics in his appendices. He concludes that the Global North extracted around 8 trillion dollars of surplus value from the South in 2008 alone, which re-appears in the North in various amenities, social services, cheap goods, and high wages (3.4 to 3.7 times higher (in terms of purchasing power) in the OECD countries). These wages ofc exist so the capitalists have someone to sell their products to so they can realize the surplus value and prevent crises of overaccumulation through ever increasing consumption--but without the superprofits the capitalists would not have any money to pay this consumer class; every single global north company with legally employed global north workers would go bankrupt.

Even as the majority of people's wages, livelihoods, etc become more stressful and precarious in the North over the last 30 years of neoliberalism(I've heard this called structural reproletarianisation, book was written in 2013 so is slightly dated regarding specific numbers), Cope argues living standards have been increasing; in the late 90s food, electronics, clothes, etc were all cheaper than they were in the early 70s and all sorts of novel luxuries became increasingly prevelent even in poor households. At the same time, wages accross the global south were being slashed, social programmes destroyed, environmental regulations voided, governments toppled, food prices spiked, etc. Wages in the north stagnated and jobs became more precarious and often shittier, but cost of living fell and continued to fall basically until the crash we're in rn afaik.

Cope maintains that while it sucks to be a worker in the US, Canada, etc, it sucks much much more in the global south and the relative unsuckiness of work in the North is paid for by superprofits in the global south. Increasing wages in the north or demanding more equal sharing of the superprofits from imperialism are both demands that reinforce the citizen's privileged position wrt the international working class.

That said, Cope doesn't make the point that people in the north are to blame, or responsible for things (he is a marxist, not a moralist). His point is, that, much like the petite bourgeois as a class have property to reinforce, the citizens of the global north have a property (their entitlement to welfare, "safety", cheap goods, political rights) that they don't want taken away, which Cope argues is a key reason why, like the petite bourgeois, we often see the citizen working class of the global north turn towards fascism.

[-] BeamBrain@hexbear.net 15 points 4 months ago* (last edited 4 months ago)

In Divided World Divided Class Zak Cope maintains that there's no legally (illegally, yes, but if one is paid min wage and working legal hours, no) exploited workers in the global north. He is using the marxist definition of exploitation i.e. "being paid less than the value of the products of your labour", so he isn't arguing it doesn't suck to work a min wage job, but he is arguing that anyone paid the legal minimum wage is paid over and above the value of the products of their labour (if they are even a productive labourer).

If that's the case, then why can minimum wage workers in the Global North not afford homes or healthcare, when people in non-imperialist socialist states like China, Cuba, and Vietnam tend to have both of these?

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[-] quarrk@hexbear.net 12 points 4 months ago* (last edited 4 months ago)

I haven’t read that Cope book (unfortunate name lol) but seems kinda dubious to say that all western workers are labor aristocratic.

Is the logic that the average US daily wage is higher than the value of the goods produced during the working day, therefore workers are being overpaid for their labor power?

The problem I have is that in Marx, the value of labor-power is flexible, because politically determined. Its value is the value of the goods required for its reproduction, at a certain standard of living. And because it costs more to live in countries like the US, the value of labor power for US workers really is higher.

I would of course agree that it isn’t fair that this is the case, but the reason things are “cheap” in peripheral countries is in large part because of US fuckery which relatively weakens their currencies. This weakening of currencies doesn’t suddenly convert the entire US proletariat into labor aristocrats… IMO. It really feels nonsensical to look at it this way when so many US workers are in poverty.

[-] ComradeRat@hexbear.net 10 points 4 months ago

Costs of living are actually lower in terms of percentage of wage in the imperial core, as I said in original comment (as as Cope shows with numbers both for wages, costs of necessities and hours of labour to earn necessities)

Cope has read all three vols of capital and cites and engages with them extensively fwiw. He is aware of Marxs arguements and in fact cites Marx extensively to support his arguments. I would suggest reading the Cope book bc, tbh, you could probably follow the maths better than I could. He takes all your points into account and directly refutes them (some of them even in the two prefaces). It felt like reading Marx, in terms of his thoroughness.

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[-] iie@hexbear.net 13 points 4 months ago* (last edited 4 months ago)

no, handing the imperial core to the fascists will not help the global proletariat.

Before the imperial core can do anything good for the rest of the world, socialists need to be in charge of the imperial core. We get there by organizing workers here with the promise of improving their material conditions. Otherwise, we'll lack the numbers and class consciousness to overcome the crumbling empire's inevitable fascist death spasm.

[-] Frank@hexbear.net 12 points 4 months ago* (last edited 4 months ago)

Nah. We should try to improve things here, too. For one, idk what else we can really do to help. For two, if nothing else western leftists can offer meager support to third worldists. For three, maybe we can jam up the gears in some minor way. If nothing else the feds have to devote resources to spying on us that they could use elsewhere. For four, I think there is some degree of morale value for folks around the world knowing that there are people in the core who know how fucked up this is and are trying to stop it. For five - Look at the attempts to close US ports over the last few years. If we can build up the unions and breadpill them then organized labor actions can actually help our comrades in other parts of the world. Shutting down shipments of war materiel to US Allies can fuck up their plans and introduce uncertainty. Six; Class traitors are really useful. Commies with experience operating within western business, technological, and military milieus are very handy to have around. Folks who know how the machine works from the inside have helpful insights on how to sabotage that machinery. Seven; It doesn't seem like the imperial core is going to stay the imperial core forever. America's hegemony is imperiled, Europe could collapse depending on what happens in the next few years, Australia's likely going to become mostly uninhabitable. Between emerging multipolarity and the planetary destruction being wrought by climate change we can't make assumptions about where struggle will be happening over the course of the 21st century. I've said before; I think we seriously need to look in to anarchist dual-power theory, because I think that western nation states are going to rapidly and severely destabilize as global warming gets worse and worse. When that happens the math is going to look very different and the imperial core/third world paradigm may change drastically, and we should have whatever organization we can in place to exploit that.

Also, like, saying that fast food workers are labor aristocrats is just silly way too online shit. Yeah, in some theoretical sense the people working three jobs to barely be able to afford rent are beneficiaries of imperialist exploitation. Saying that's a reason not to try to organize effective political action in the core is about as sensible and useful as saying you're not going to eat food because something something exploitation.

Like I think the third worldists are right; Significant revolutionary action is not going to come from the core as it currently exists. But we should still do what we can, organize where we can, help out where we can. Those of us in the core can only really exert any influence within the core, and we have to work with the conditions we find ourselves in. Plus, we simply cannot know when the right people in the right place at the right time will be important. We should exploit every advantage we can get, build up capacity wherever we can, because we do not know what will prove to be critical.

[-] sir_this_is_a_wendys@hexbear.net 11 points 4 months ago

Sounds like ultra nonsense, likely from someone who lives in the west (possibly even Ranier Shea)

[-] ReadFanon@hexbear.net 11 points 4 months ago

I don't think this can be measured in a vacuum.

Let's explore some different cases as a thought experiment:

A country achieves communism. I don't think this is possible tbh but let's go with it.

We can expect to see the "proles" consuming more than they would otherwise as they'd have all the products of their labour.

Let's presume that people are people and that they aren't going to suddenly develop much more class consciousness and a spirit of internationalism. Obviously I think that a communist society would go a long way towards this but let's ignore that for argument's sake.

Unequal exchange would mean that the communist society would be taking advantage of this arrangement, perhaps more than they would be able to otherwise.

But if this is the situation, we also have no bourgeoisie who do rampant exploitation of the third world. We have no more corporations. We have no more bourgeois democracy inflicting imperialism upon the world.

Perhaps consumption drops a whole lot purely by virtue of the fact that people would rather work 4 hours a day or 3 days a week. Perhaps in freeing up the products of labour and what would otherwise be capital and surplus value under the previous system, people are able to manufacture and acquire products designed for repairing with replaceable parts rather than for planned obsolescence. Perhaps people would be able to be more conscious consumers, opting for the things that have a lower environmental and social impact rather than working two jobs as part of a single-parent nuclear(ish) family and only being able to choose the simplest and most readily available options rather than carefully considering what they would genuinely prefer. Perhaps lots of people devote their time to things like gardening and producing food themselves because they only need to work 15 hours a week in their factory job to cover the rest of their needs.

It's hard to estimate what it would look like exactly, especially in an unbiased way, but even in a conservative estimate I'd say that it would be a net-benefit for the third world as the degree of exploitation and the worst excesses of consumption would be largely curbed, not to mention all of the excesses of capitalism and imperialism being eliminated (from that society anyway).

So let's look at a genuinely SocDem society next:

Imperialism is dead in the water. Capitalism is hemmed in. Billionaires are reduced to having no more than, say $10 million in net worth. If corporations still exist they are brought to heel and they are held accountable for their inevitable excesses.

Honestly in this society I would expect the net benefit to the third world to be worse than the example above but it would still be much better than what we have today.

Next is to consider things as they are today:

Increased wages are going to lead to increased consumption. But things like earlier retirement and better healthcare, education, environmental and workplace safety etc. are going to reduce the impacts on the third world - healthcare, especially stuff that is way downstream, has a big footprint. Workplace and public health and safety makes things better for everyone. Carving out chunks of profit to go towards better conditions generally means less money for wars and less money going towards imperialism, not always but more so than not. Workers having unions and solidarity means that there's more chance of things like general strikes, which can achieve good outcomes for the third world.

I think under this scenario we could expect to see a net benefit that is significantly reduced compared to a SocDem hypothetical scenario. It might even come out as a wash, if you really want to make a conservative estimate.

Idk this argument seems overly simplistic and very undialectical honestly. It's a bit like the reactionaries who complain about veganism or measures that benefit the environment and they charge vegans with being responsible for the deaths of animals due to industrialised agriculture or they concern-troll over the carbon footprint of a proposed expansion to rail transport.

I mean, yeah, there's definitely an environmental footprint that gets incurred when you manufacture a car seatbelt and that's fine. But if 100,000 seatbelts prevent one single person from becoming a permanent wheelchair user then the comparative environmental footprint is vastly in favour of making those 100,000 seatbelts because the environmental footprint incurred by the necessary medical and accessibility interventions from one preventable case of someone ending up as a permanent wheelchair user are far greater.

This is not an argument in favour of eugenics or to lay the blame for the social and environmental impacts of being disabled at the feet of the individual though. I'm just trying to highlight that we should not fall victim to an overly reductionist assessment of things in a very static way or otherwise we end up with well-intentioned measures that can have ramifications that are far worse than what we prevent.

Likewise we should not oppose fighting for better working conditions in the first world out of concern that any improvements here are simply going to make things worse in the third world because it's not nearly as simple an arrangement as one where improvements here necessarily make things worse over there in equal measure.

[-] Hestia@hexbear.net 10 points 4 months ago

If you're American you should live in abject poverty.

Sorry, I don't make the rules.

[-] sgtlion@hexbear.net 10 points 4 months ago

Commies are rarely the ones saying "exploit foreign workers harder!", they're the ones saying "give the rich fuckers' wealth to workers while ending imperialism!".

I'm also not as pessimistic as many others - even if the redistribution of wealth alone didn't make up for not-imperialism, I think removing the inefficiencies of capitalism would significantly improve conditions for all workers, globally.

[-] EmoThugInMyPhase@hexbear.net 9 points 4 months ago

It depends. If the company simply redistributes its existing resources to employees more fairly or implement other policies that don’t have a ripple effect down the supply chain, the exploitation stays the same for poorer countries. If the company needs to extract more from the global poor to improve your conditions - e.g. reducing wages in some foreign call center so you can fewer hours - then it harms the global poor.

Short of concurrent revolutions happening right at this second or committing suicide, the only option left is to improve your working conditions no matter what. This is why solidarity is important. When organizing, you have to network with other orgs especially those with international presence or connections which may mean involving orgs that don’t have anything to do with your industry or even labor related. Unions have refused to work or ship weapons in other countries before. However there are also organizations that seek to improve their own workers and indifferent or actively prevent anything else from affecting their benefits

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this post was submitted on 29 Jun 2024
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